Igual que la matriu i la llista enllaçada, la llista enllaçada desplegada també és una estructura de dades lineal i és una variant d'una llista enllaçada.
Per què necessitem una llista enllaçada desenrotllada?
Un dels majors avantatges de les llistes enllaçades respecte a les matrius és que la inserció d'un element en qualsevol ubicació només necessita O(1). Tanmateix, el problema aquí és que per cercar un element en una llista enllaçada es necessita O(n). Així, per resoldre el problema de la cerca, és a dir, reduir el temps de cerca de l'element, es va proposar el concepte de llistes enllaçades no enrotllades. La llista enllaçada desplegada cobreix els avantatges tant de la matriu com de la llista enllaçada, ja que redueix la sobrecàrrega de memòria en comparació amb les llistes enllaçades simples emmagatzemant diversos elements a cada node i també té l'avantatge d'una inserció i supressió ràpides com la d'una llista enllaçada.

Avantatges:
- A causa del comportament de la memòria cau, la cerca lineal és molt més ràpida a les llistes enllaçades desenrotllades.
- En comparació amb la llista enllaçada ordinària, requereix menys espai d'emmagatzematge per a punters/referències.
- Realitza operacions com la supressió d'inserció i el recorregut més ràpidament que les llistes enllaçades ordinàries (perquè la cerca és més ràpida).
Inconvenients:
- La sobrecàrrega per node és relativament alta que les llistes enllaçades individualment. Consulteu un exemple de node al codi següent
Exemple: Diguem que tenim 8 elements, de manera que sqrt(8)=2,82, que arrodoneix a 3. Així, cada bloc emmagatzemarà 3 elements. Per tant, per emmagatzemar 8 elements es crearan 3 blocs dels quals els dos primers emmagatzemaran 3 elements i l'últim bloc emmagatzemaran 2 elements.
Com es millora la cerca a les llistes enllaçades no desplegades?
Així, prenent l'exemple anterior, si volem cercar el setè element de la llista, recorrem la llista de blocs fins al que conté el setè element. Només es necessita O(sqrt(n)) ja que ho hem trobat sense passar més de blocs sqrt(n).
Implementació senzilla:
El programa següent crea una llista enllaçada senzilla amb 3 nodes que contenen un nombre variable d'elements en cadascun. També recorre la llista creada.
C++// C++ program to implement unrolled linked list // and traversing it. #include using namespace std; #define maxElements 4 // Unrolled Linked List Node class Node { public: int numElements; int array[maxElements]; Node *next; }; /* Function to traverse an unrolled linked list and print all the elements*/ void printUnrolledList(Node *n) { while (n != NULL) { // Print elements in current node for (int i=0; i<n->numElements; i++) cout<<n->array[i]<<' '; // Move to next node n = n->next; } } // Program to create an unrolled linked list // with 3 Nodes int main() { Node* head = NULL; Node* second = NULL; Node* third = NULL; // allocate 3 Nodes head = new Node(); second = new Node(); third = new Node(); // Let us put some values in second node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) head->numElements = 3; head->array[0] = 1; head->array[1] = 2; head->array[2] = 3; // Link first Node with the second Node head->next = second; // Let us put some values in second node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) second->numElements = 3; second->array[0] = 4; second->array[1] = 5; second->array[2] = 6; // Link second Node with the third Node second->next = third; // Let us put some values in third node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) third->numElements = 3; third->array[0] = 7; third->array[1] = 8; third->array[2] = 9; third->next = NULL; printUnrolledList(head); return 0; } // This is code is contributed by rathbhupendra
C // C program to implement unrolled linked list // and traversing it. #include #include #define maxElements 4 // Unrolled Linked List Node struct Node { int numElements; int array[maxElements]; struct Node *next; }; /* Function to traverse an unrolled linked list and print all the elements*/ void printUnrolledList(struct Node *n) { while (n != NULL) { // Print elements in current node for (int i=0; i<n->numElements; i++) printf('%d ' n->array[i]); // Move to next node n = n->next; } } // Program to create an unrolled linked list // with 3 Nodes int main() { struct Node* head = NULL; struct Node* second = NULL; struct Node* third = NULL; // allocate 3 Nodes head = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); second = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); third = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); // Let us put some values in second node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) head->numElements = 3; head->array[0] = 1; head->array[1] = 2; head->array[2] = 3; // Link first Node with the second Node head->next = second; // Let us put some values in second node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) second->numElements = 3; second->array[0] = 4; second->array[1] = 5; second->array[2] = 6; // Link second Node with the third Node second->next = third; // Let us put some values in third node (Number // of values must be less than or equal to // maxElement) third->numElements = 3; third->array[0] = 7; third->array[1] = 8; third->array[2] = 9; third->next = NULL; printUnrolledList(head); return 0; }
Java // Java program to implement unrolled // linked list and traversing it. import java.util.*; class GFG{ static final int maxElements = 4; // Unrolled Linked List Node static class Node { int numElements; int []array = new int[maxElements]; Node next; }; // Function to traverse an unrolled // linked list and print all the elements static void printUnrolledList(Node n) { while (n != null) { // Print elements in current node for(int i = 0; i < n.numElements; i++) System.out.print(n.array[i] + ' '); // Move to next node n = n.next; } } // Program to create an unrolled linked list // with 3 Nodes public static void main(String[] args) { Node head = null; Node second = null; Node third = null; // Allocate 3 Nodes head = new Node(); second = new Node(); third = new Node(); // Let us put some values in second // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) head.numElements = 3; head.array[0] = 1; head.array[1] = 2; head.array[2] = 3; // Link first Node with the // second Node head.next = second; // Let us put some values in // second node (Number of values // must be less than or equal to // maxElement) second.numElements = 3; second.array[0] = 4; second.array[1] = 5; second.array[2] = 6; // Link second Node with the third Node second.next = third; // Let us put some values in third // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) third.numElements = 3; third.array[0] = 7; third.array[1] = 8; third.array[2] = 9; third.next = null; printUnrolledList(head); } } // This code is contributed by amal kumar choubey
Python3 # Python3 program to implement unrolled # linked list and traversing it. maxElements = 4 # Unrolled Linked List Node class Node: def __init__(self): self.numElements = 0 self.array = [0 for i in range(maxElements)] self.next = None # Function to traverse an unrolled linked list # and print all the elements def printUnrolledList(n): while (n != None): # Print elements in current node for i in range(n.numElements): print(n.array[i] end = ' ') # Move to next node n = n.next # Driver Code if __name__=='__main__': head = None second = None third = None # Allocate 3 Nodes head = Node() second = Node() third = Node() # Let us put some values in second # node (Number of values must be # less than or equal to # maxElement) head.numElements = 3 head.array[0] = 1 head.array[1] = 2 head.array[2] = 3 # Link first Node with the second Node head.next = second # Let us put some values in second node # (Number of values must be less than # or equal to maxElement) second.numElements = 3 second.array[0] = 4 second.array[1] = 5 second.array[2] = 6 # Link second Node with the third Node second.next = third # Let us put some values in third node # (Number of values must be less than # or equal to maxElement) third.numElements = 3 third.array[0] = 7 third.array[1] = 8 third.array[2] = 9 third.next = None printUnrolledList(head) # This code is contributed by rutvik_56
C# // C# program to implement unrolled // linked list and traversing it. using System; class GFG{ static readonly int maxElements = 4; // Unrolled Linked List Node class Node { public int numElements; public int []array = new int[maxElements]; public Node next; }; // Function to traverse an unrolled // linked list and print all the elements static void printUnrolledList(Node n) { while (n != null) { // Print elements in current node for(int i = 0; i < n.numElements; i++) Console.Write(n.array[i] + ' '); // Move to next node n = n.next; } } // Program to create an unrolled linked list // with 3 Nodes public static void Main(String[] args) { Node head = null; Node second = null; Node third = null; // Allocate 3 Nodes head = new Node(); second = new Node(); third = new Node(); // Let us put some values in second // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) head.numElements = 3; head.array[0] = 1; head.array[1] = 2; head.array[2] = 3; // Link first Node with the // second Node head.next = second; // Let us put some values in // second node (Number of values // must be less than or equal to // maxElement) second.numElements = 3; second.array[0] = 4; second.array[1] = 5; second.array[2] = 6; // Link second Node with the third Node second.next = third; // Let us put some values in third // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) third.numElements = 3; third.array[0] = 7; third.array[1] = 8; third.array[2] = 9; third.next = null; printUnrolledList(head); } } // This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji
JavaScript <script> // JavaScript program to implement unrolled // linked list and traversing it. const maxElements = 4; // Unrolled Linked List Node class Node { constructor() { this.numElements = 0; this.array = new Array(maxElements); this.next = null; } } // Function to traverse an unrolled // linked list and print all the elements function printUnrolledList(n) { while (n != null) { // Print elements in current node for (var i = 0; i < n.numElements; i++) document.write(n.array[i] + ' '); // Move to next node n = n.next; } } // Program to create an unrolled linked list // with 3 Nodes var head = null; var second = null; var third = null; // Allocate 3 Nodes head = new Node(); second = new Node(); third = new Node(); // Let us put some values in second // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) head.numElements = 3; head.array[0] = 1; head.array[1] = 2; head.array[2] = 3; // Link first Node with the // second Node head.next = second; // Let us put some values in // second node (Number of values // must be less than or equal to // maxElement) second.numElements = 3; second.array[0] = 4; second.array[1] = 5; second.array[2] = 6; // Link second Node with the third Node second.next = third; // Let us put some values in third // node (Number of values must be // less than or equal to maxElement) third.numElements = 3; third.array[0] = 7; third.array[1] = 8; third.array[2] = 9; third.next = null; printUnrolledList(head); </script>
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Anàlisi de complexitat:
En aquest article us presentem una llista desplegada i els seus avantatges. També hem mostrat com recórrer la llista. En el següent article parlarem de la supressió d'inserció i els valors de maxElements/numElements en detall.
Inserció a la llista enllaçada no enrotllada