Un vector és una classe de contenidor de seqüències que implementa una matriu dinàmica, el que significa que la mida canvia automàticament quan s'afegeixen elements. Un vector emmagatzema els elements en ubicacions de memòria contigües i assigna la memòria segons sigui necessari en temps d'execució.

matriu afegint elements java

Diferència entre vector i matriu

Una matriu segueix un enfocament estàtic, vol dir que la seva mida no es pot canviar durant el temps d'execució mentre que el vector implementa una matriu dinàmica, significa que es redimensiona automàticament quan s'afegeixen elements.

Sintaxi

Considereu un vector 'v1'. La sintaxi seria:

 vector v1; 

Exemple

Vegem un exemple senzill.

primavera mvc

 #include #include using namespace std; int main() { vector v1; v1.push_back(&apos;javaTpoint &apos;); v1.push_back(&apos;tutorial&apos;); for(vector::iterator itr=v1.begin();itr!=v1.end();++itr) cout&lt;<*itr; return 0; } < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> javaTpoint tutorial </pre> <p>In this example, vector class has been used to display the string.</p> <h2>C++ Vector Functions</h2> <table class="table"> <tr> <th>Function</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td> at() </td> <td>It provides a reference to an element.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> back() </td> <td>It gives a reference to the last element.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> front() </td> <td>It gives a reference to the first element.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> swap() </td> <td>It exchanges the elements between two vectors.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> push_back() </td> <td>It adds a new element at the end.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> pop_back() </td> <td>It removes a last element from the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> empty() </td> <td>It determines whether the vector is empty or not.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/c-vector-insert">insert()</a> </td> <td>It inserts new element at the specified position.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> erase() </td> <td>It deletes the specified element.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> resize() </td> <td>It modifies the size of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> clear() </td> <td>It removes all the elements from the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/c-vector-size">size()</a> </td> <td>It determines a number of elements in the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> capacity() </td> <td>It determines the current capacity of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> assign() </td> <td>It assigns new values to the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> operator=() </td> <td>It assigns new values to the vector container.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> operator[]() </td> <td>It access a specified element.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> end() </td> <td>It refers to the past-lats-element in the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> emplace() </td> <td>It inserts a new element just before the position pos.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> emplace_back() </td> <td>It inserts a new element at the end.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> rend() </td> <td>It points the element preceding the first element of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> rbegin() </td> <td>It points the last element of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> begin() </td> <td>It points the first element of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> max_size() </td> <td>It determines the maximum size that vector can hold.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> cend() </td> <td>It refers to the past-last-element in the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> cbegin() </td> <td>It refers to the first element of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> crbegin() </td> <td>It refers to the last character of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> crend() </td> <td>It refers to the element preceding the first element of the vector.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> shrink_to_fit() </td> <td>It reduces the capacity and makes it equal to the size of the vector.</td> </tr> </table></*itr;>

En aquest exemple, s'ha utilitzat la classe vectorial per mostrar la cadena.

Funcions vectorials C++